What is a required characteristic of NASM (Nutrient Management Strategy Material) for land application under the NMA (Nutrient Management Act)?

The required characteristic of NASM (Nutrient Management Strategy Material) for land application under the NMA (Nutrient Management Act) is that accurate sampling and analysis is a must. This is crucial because proper assessment of the nutrient content in waste materials ensures that land application aligns with crop needs and environmental standards. Accurate sampling and analysis also help prevent over-application or inappropriate use of nutrients, which can lead to environmental issues such as water pollution through runoff.

The other options do not align with the core requirements outlined in the Nutrient Management Act. While refining or processing waste, using synthetic chemicals, or undergoing chemical treatments might be practices used in certain contexts, they are not mandatory characteristics for NASM under the legislation. The critical focus is on the accurate characterization of the material's nutrient composition, making informed decisions based on sound data essential for sustainable land management practices.